1.TV Documentary

Up to now, in the world, there are many conceptions of documentaries. Depending on the different research angles of the authors, there will be their own conceptions of this genre.

Concept of TV documentaries:

Television documentary is a genre of television journalism that belongs to the group of artistic political genres. It expresses the ideology of the subject, that is, the political theory of the press, through the construction of images from real events, phenomena and people in social life. In other words, television documentaries use truth to build artistic images, thereby educating the public about aesthetics and orienting how to perceive that truth for the public.

2.TV Reportage

Television reportage is a typical genre of television, conveying hot and lively information content to the public in the present time, expressed in a logical sequence of events, issues, etc. images and sounds of reality that reporters choose and arrange. In the process of reporting reportage, the reporter's opinions, attitudes and feelings are clearly revealed through the analysis, interpretation and interpretation of that event or issue.

Similarities between TV reportage and TV documentary.
1.In terms of content.

Documentary film as well as reportage both originate from a journalistic work, so these two genres of television have the functions and characteristics of a journalistic work.

First of all, both documentaries and reportage have the function of conveying information to readers.

Like reportage, documentaries also closely reflect on characters and events on a true basis. From the factors on these two types of television, both express the work objectively and accurately before reaching the audience.

The accuracy of the reportage works and documentaries is quite outstanding. If in the production of cinema, the element "staging" is considered indispensable, in reportage and documentaries "staging" is a concept that is rarely used and that makes the authenticity of the film. reality of the work more perfect.

If the "staging" element in cinema is considered an inseparable thing and it shows someone's personal subjective element. We can understand the concept of "staging" in television in a completely different light, that is, the reporter will re-enact real problem events that took place in a specific period of time.

The essence of "staging" is the re-enactment of the incident and the extent to which this problem is expressed in reportage and documentaries is not much. Because all reporters limit their "staging" to make their work more realistic.

2. In terms of non-content.

Both genres have a prominent feature of a type of journalism, because both reportage and documentary are a work of television journalism. From this common point, both genres have common characteristics in television characteristics and functions.

The most obvious similarity is that both types of television are built by means of television production. Especially, it was built based on a team from the stage of scripting to implementing and completing the product.

Documentaries or TV reports must have a clear production process. From ideation or scripting to production organization, all must follow the principle. However, the development of the scenario must be based on reality and be built on the basis of the objective reality that takes place in that problem or event.

Difference between reportage and TV documentary.

1.Differences in content

Topical
Although both contain topical information values, the sensitivity of these two television genres is completely different.

For reportage, currentity is reflected in the information that is updated daily quickly. It can be said that the topicality of reportage is much higher than that of TV documentaries. Therefore, this type of television requires reporters to be quick to capture and update events as quickly as possible. Reporters must have quick reflexes before daily information to be able to update readers quickly. That quickness of reporters is reflected in their work containing accurate information and the latest news.

It can be seen that in reality, there are many cases of that happening. The massacre in Yen Bai in August has been reported by many newspapers and television channels. Every day information gives readers a new look, a new detail for readers, today's information can be a story but tomorrow can be a whole new story, a whole new story. new period.

This point has confirmed that the currentity of television reportage is a very important factor

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Unlike reportage, documentaries have broader topical values. Documentaries will use many different perspectives to generalize information as well as a story in society.

Angle, method of reflection

For reportage, reporters must make their reportage able to "see, hear, feel, touch.." . Reporters first express their work directly, usually expressing the content at the present time with specific content and scenarios, and especially with unique images and details.

Documentaries approach life at a higher level of generalization, events and people in documentaries are reflected as representing a period, a process, a community, a miniature society…and Thus, the documentary film's value is for research purposes. It is not only valuable today, but people also keep broadcasting in the years to come

Impact ability.

A television work is produced and evaluated on the basis of its potential impact on the television public.

In terms of information content, documentary is a genre that can dig deeper and exploit information more thoroughly than reportage. However, the impact of the reportage on readers is greater in the topicality of the issue.

In terms of style of conveying information and the tempo of the reportage is faster than that of a documentary film, that makes the audience "tend" to approach reportage more fully with documentary films.

 Access to exploiting content and characters

Documentaries have a purpose and conditions to actively exploit the character For example: contacting the character in advance, surveying the scene and planning the filming thoroughly...

With reporters, reporters must always be sensitive to information quickly to be able to capture information. Reportage is made when the event takes place. Reporters must capture information at the scene, if in newspapers, reporters always use "pen" to report, then television's pen is a camera. To be able to get detailed information and expensive images when making a work, both the cameraman and the editor need to have a good and quick combination.

Orientation

Reportage immediately reflects the issues going on in life, the information orientation is reflected in the story angle chosen by the reporter. It is also shown in the detailed selection and comments. The selection of characters and quotations from interviews in the reportage also show the author's perspective on the problem of reflection.

Documentary films are conveyed with a higher degree of generalization, documentaries affect the audience's perception through people and actions and stories in the work. The choices for constructing the documentary film structure are the "hidden" orientations of the authors. The perception of the film's value is assessed by the audience through the visual language of the work. The documentary's commentary also contributes to the audience's perception. Depending on the style of each author, they will use different levels of commentary.

2.Differences in pictures.

If the nature of the event is the factor that creates the informational value for both types of television, the author's image and sound processing skills will increase the value of that event.

Informational value of images

For reportage, images contain more topical information than documentaries because they are stories that are reflected on a daily basis and are always updated with event information. Reportage images carry specific values: who are people? The story address, numbers and instructions are very specific for the audience to recognize.

Meanwhile, documentaries also give readers a true story, but the value of information is more inclusive. For example, the image of Hanoi during the subsidy period in the documentary helps viewers see the space of a historical period that dominated the entire society.

 Artistic value of images

We cannot deny the artistic value of images in any kind of television work. However, to what extent that artistic value is revealed, it is necessary to compare in different television genres.

With reportage, the artistry of the image is not high due to the impact of the environment to create the work, the composing conditions of the reportage do not allow us to have enough time and space to be creative and creative. make the beauty in the image. As we said, the fact is what creates the value of the work while time and space do not allow us to have space to create artistic images in the product because we must focus on the same. exploit "expensive" images to show its impact on the community.

Unlike reportage, documentary is a type of television work that has "land" to create images. Documentaries are usually a story with a specific script and a time and space for us to create images. The artistic value in the image of the documentary is that we aim for beauty and the perception of beauty is not only about the content but also the image. If the beauty of the content is reflected in our problem. If we reflect, the event we want to mention, for the image, will be the intentional arrangement in the scenes, lighting, and sentences that we use to reflect the content.

Differences in the use of sound.
For a television work, its value is not only reflected in the content of the event, but also expressed in images and sounds. Sound is also an important factor to evaluate a television work.

For a cinematographer, this is a place for them to create art, for them to express the special values ​​of sound in a television work.

For documentary films, the filmmaker will be a subject who creates images of shots according to his or her artistic eyes. Although this is only an added value in a journalistic work and is only a means to convey information and facts objectively, it is a very important element in the overall product.

Difference between reportage filming and documentary filming
The difference between these two types of television shows through the most general and characteristic aspects of journalism. Although they are the same journalistic product, they both show whether the content that the product will reflect will affect readers and to what extent. Not only towards the content of the work, but also the reportage and documentary film show the artistry through the use of images and sound to highlight the details of the work.

1.Pictures

For filming for reportage works, videographers will have little chance to be creative due to time and space conditions. Often filming will have to use fixed scenes to save time and to fit the space allowed.

However, for documentaries, this can be considered a "land" for creative filming from sound to light images. The camera angle of the movie can be more flexible, from the highest angle to the lowest angle to highlight the work and the content of the work.

2.Audio

Sound is an extremely important factor, for reportage the use of sound is simpler than documentary film. The space of the documentary film is larger, so the filming needs to know how to fix the problem and handle the sound better to avoid situations such as too much noise, bad sound, etc.

3.Light

Lighting is considered a cinematographic art. Whether the filming can use and use light to highlight the character or problem is an important factor, it will directly affect the quality of the information.

For reportage, the cameraman will have very little space and time to show how "playing bright" the lighting angles are usually simple but must highlight the character.

For documentary films, "playing light" is an important factor, it will affect the success of the work. In this form of television, the cameraman has enough time and space to be able to use light, so it is necessary to highlight the center of the problem that he needs to talk about.

It is these differences that have created a separate impression for each type of television. If reportage is a work that uses images, sound, and light as a factor to increase the value of the event, in Documentaries the above factors have a significant influence on the success of a product. documentary film.

Concept
Television documentary is a genre of television journalism that belongs to the group of artistic political genres. It expresses the ideology of the subject, that is, the political theory of the press, through the construction of images from real events, phenomena and people in social life. In other words, television documentaries use truth to build artistic images, thereby educating the public about aesthetics and orienting how to perceive that truth for the public.

Reportage is a journalistic art, reflecting topical issues, having socio-political significance that are of interest to readers. Reportages can be written in literary styles. In the reportage, there are characters and ego narratives. Reportage helps readers understand more deeply and better the facts and share with the author the problems posed in the work.

How are reportage and documentaries similar?
It can be said that both reportage and documentary are arranged on the basis of fact. Which people often call "staging" however, the meaning of this phrase "staged" is completely different from that in cinema. If in cinema, staging has the subjective meaning of the director, doing according to the will of others. May not be true to reality to increase the attractiveness of your work. Then "staging" in reportage and documentaries is based on respect for the truth, not "staging" according to subjective ideas.

Second, in reportage and documentary there is the same production process. One of the most important factors in the production process is the script. The script is an article that is written in clear black and white paper. However, not all works need to prepare a script in advance. Because there are special cases where news is updated quickly, it is only necessary to have a clear picture in mind and do it quickly. However, with both of these genres, it is necessary to have a clear idea and script. If you can't write a script in time, you have to come up with highly creative ideas.

Thus, it can be said that documentaries and reportage are television works, updating news and information to the public. Moreover, it all conveys important messages and meanings about human personality. As well as culturally, ethically and better ways of life.

What is the difference between reportage and documentary?
Although both are journalistic genres, there are still distinct characteristics between reportage and documentary. Each of these features contributes to each genre being more distinctive and relevant to reality.

For reportage
It can be said that the content of the reportage work is more topical and is a matter of concern to many people. Therefore, it is necessary to be updated quickly, new problems that can not be foreseen. For example, like the massacre of 4 people in Yen Bai, after receiving information, journalists immediately came and made reportage works to reflect reality and some aspects of the case. Although the cause is still unknown from the authorities.

In terms of images, the reportage works mainly have practical value, without much creativity. So what makes the reportage valuable?

First, the event must be of interest to many people. Because if few people know, that information will not have a strong impact on the public. Therefore, choosing events and topics of interest to many people is a prerequisite for creating the value of a reportage work.

Second, the update time must be fast, almost as news. Because if that event takes place for a long time, but we only reflect, the value will no longer be the same as before. Because there have been many other reports jostling.

Third, choose the angle of reflection. With an event, the choice of angle of reflection is very important. If you know how to choose the angle and aspect that many people are interested in, the event will be very hot. However, it is the same event that you choose the angle that few people care about, it becomes "fake" with the public only.

Fourth, the details of the image contribute to the value of the work. What helps you confirm this issue. In fact, it's not that you refine the image so that it's sharp, bright, and the most standard camera angle can create value. Because in fact, even if you shoot with a phone, the quality is poor, but the image is expensive, remarkable, and still attracts more people's attention. That is the person who knows how to "seize" the opportunity.

Fifth, noise also has a high influence on the value of the work. Because the picture is good, the sound is good, but the noise of the scene is not good, it will make viewers not understand what the event is?, is it realistic?

Thus, a good and unique reportage work is one that has a great influence on the community. And a good journalist, a good cinematographer must not only find events that are of great interest to many people, but also need to increase the inherent values ​​of the work. In order to meet the needs of the public and at the same time reflect the truth, objectively and quickly. Must know how to turn the camera into a pen, be quick, see what happens, take the opportunity and record the image immediately.

For documentaries
Documentary content is more inclusive, larger. From many different stories can be gathered and make a documentary. These stories are meant to guide morality and educate people's consciousness. Those are the normative values ​​of the life of the rich-poor, good and evil, the contradictions and disputes that are taking place every day. Acceptance, as well as how to be human, educate people to become more honest, more personable, more ethical.

If reportage has practical value, documentary film gives us higher artistic value. Maybe it's a defined subject, created using different lenses, camera angles and techniques. At the same time, using unique and new comments, sounds, and sounds will attract many viewers. And will that work be judged by the public as good or bad, attractive or unattractive, will it bring the meaning and truth of life?

From there, led to different trends in documentary filmmaking.
Documentary work is intended to exploit the information clearly. Through

How to choose a character
Survey the scene before shooting, see if there is anything special. From there, helping the cameraman can control the shooting space, and the stories that are happening.
Documentary filmmakers must exploit the character's actions, as well as prepare for the filmmaking process.

CONCLUDE

It can be said that the way of shooting reportage and film has similarities but also has its own characteristics. For photojournalism, the value leans towards reality. As for documentaries that lean towards research, generalization and artistic values, Research on reportage and documentaries helps us understand how to approach the subject as well as how to shoot and process images most effectively. . From there, helping students gain a lot of experience in studying and working to become a good videographer, a professional videographer.

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